What is a Gasket? Materials Used in Gaskets and Their Properties

Common Materials and Their Properties

Gaskets are technical components used to create a seal between two surfaces. They are typically used to prevent the passage of liquids, gases, or dust.

Depending on the application’s requirements—such as pressure, temperature, vibration, or chemical exposure—gaskets are manufactured in various shapes and from different materials.

In industrial settings, a gasket may appear to be a minor part, but it often plays a critical role in keeping entire systems operational. Gaskets are used across a wide range of industries, from automotive and food processing to petrochemicals and household appliances.

What Do Gaskets Do?

• Ensure sealing: Prevent leakage of fluids, gases, or chemicals

• Protect surfaces: Reduce wear by preventing direct contact between rigid parts

• Dampen vibration and noise: Especially in motorized systems

• Compensate for imperfections: Fill small gaps to maintain system integrity

What Materials Are Gaskets Made From?

The choice of gasket material depends on the operating environment. Factors such as temperature, pressure, chemical contact, and UV exposure are key in material selection.

Below are the most commonly used gasket materials:

EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)

• EPDM rubber is widely used in outdoor applications due to its excellent resistance to water, steam, UV rays, and ozone.

• Applications: Automotive window/door seals, water systems, outdoor insulation

• Advantages: Long-lasting, weather-resistant, and flexible

NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber)

• NBR gaskets provide high resistance to oils and fuels, making them ideal for fluid systems.

• Applications: Fuel systems, engine parts, pumps, compressors

• Advantages: Reliable in oily environments and cost-effective

Silicone

• Silicone gaskets are known for their high-temperature resistance and food-grade compatibility.

• Applications: Food equipment, kitchen appliances, medical systems

• Advantages: Flexible, hygienic, and operable between -60°C and +230°C

PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene / Teflon)

• PTFE is renowned for exceptional chemical resistance, especially in harsh environments.

• Applications: Chemical plants, pharmaceutical lines, lab systems

• Advantages: Chemically inert, low friction, highly heat-resistant

Graphite

• Graphite gaskets are ideal for high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

• Applications: Boilers, steam lines, power generation systems

• Advantages: Can withstand temperatures up to 500°C and intense pressure

Felt and Other Specialized Materials

Used in older or niche systems, primarily for oil retention or vibration absorption.

How to Choose the Right Gasket?

Choosing the correct gasket ensures long-term performance and prevents failures. A wrong choice can lead to leaks, equipment damage, or production delays.

Here are key factors to consider:

• Operating temperature and pressure

• Type of fluid or gas in contact

• Exposure to UV, ozone, or chemicals

• Flexibility needs and mounting method

• Certification requirements (e.g., FDA, RoHS)

Conclusion: The Right Gasket Keeps Systems Running Smoothly

Gaskets are small but essential components. When selected correctly, they ensure safety, efficiency, and system longevity.

At Gaskonnect, we offer certified, high-quality gasket solutions tailored to your project’s needs — supported by a transparent, professional supply process.

📩 Need help choosing the right gasket or requesting a sample? Contact us today — we’re ready to support your project with the right solution.